How to Reduce
Cost of House Construction?
India is a country where every family dreams of staying in the house they own. But with the current increase in the land costs, construction material prices and labour charges, it is becoming difficult for middle class families to fulfill their dream of living in their own homes. So we thought of putting forward some tips that can be helpful for such families to build the house of their dreams.
The cost of construction of a house can be mainly
divided into 5 categories.
1.
Land Cost: Cost of owning a land parcel for House
construction
2.
Design Costs: This includes architectural, structural and
MEP design of the building
3.
Laisoning Costs: Includes fees for government approvals like
government land survey, plan approval etc., w
4.
Material
Procurement Costs: Includes
purchase of materials like cement, steel, sand, aggregate, bricks, blocks,
tiles and other finishing materials
5.
Labour Costs: This includes the manpower costs for
construction of RCC structure, brick work, plastering, other finishing works
and external development (Like compound wall, hardscaping and landscaping)
Now where you can
reduce the cost of construction purely depends on your lifestyle choices. You
can create a barely minimalist building or an exotic bungalow to live in. Here
are my few tips for reducing the cost of construction.
Saving in Land Cost:
Choose
the right plot for construction: The
level of the plot is most important during construction. If the level of the
plot is much lower than the road level on the front, then the quantity of
filling material required will be more thus increasing the total cost of
construction. So choose a land parcel which is neither too high nor too low compared to the level of the road.
Check
development regulations: Survey area
which have potential for development in near future and is available
currently available at low cost. Check FSI of the area, more FSI means less
total cost of owning a home. If you have less FSI, then you need to buy more
land to build same area of construction
For example: If
you are planning to buy a 1000 sq ft plot area and are looking at 2 localities. Your
local municipality or DC (Development Control) gives FSI for each area based on
multiple factors. So in a plot with 2 FSI, you can construct a 2000 sq ft building while in a plot with 1.5 FSI you can only build 1500 sq ft.
Also, Remember FSI
regulations change with time, so you need to choose the right plot as per your
current and future requirements.
Saving In Architectural And Design Costs:
1.
If you are going
for a structure of more than 2 or more floors, I would strictly advice you not
to look for a cheaper design option in this, like a old contractor knowing
everything about designing and detailing
2.
A professional
architect and structural designer will help you save upon the overall costs by
optimizing design of the building and not over/under designing it.
3.
A good designer
value engineers your construction by which you can not only save costs on
materials but also save future recurring and maintenance costs (a well-lighted
and-ventilated design, green material and low maintenance fixture and fittings)
4.
Have detailed
designs done to avoid less confusion/misinterpretation at site, thereby
avoiding rework cost and time overrun.
5.
Have a floor
plan/layout which is square/rectangular shaped (having lower perimeter).
Square/rectangular shaped floor plans usually consume lesser materials (20-40%)
as compared to a H shaped and L shaped layouts as they consume more materials
per unit built up area.
·
Saving in
Construction Material Procurement:
1.
Cement
1. Go for local/regional branded cement. Most of
the local branded cements like Chettinad cement, Penna cement, Maha cement
etc., are of good quality and are offered at better prices.
2. Optimise cement consumption by using the
right cement grade. OPC cement is usually slightly costlier than PPC cement.
OPC cement is usually recommend for RCC structural work (like foundations,
columns, roof and beams) and PPC cement is recommended for non-structural works
(Like Plastering, Tiling etc.,). This will not only save you costs but also
enhance the quality of construction by reducing cracks (Due to less heat of
hydration).
3. For optimising the cement consumption in
structural concrete, you can mix fly ash judiciously (15 to 25% as part
replacement to cement) with OPC 53 cement. This will not only decrease the
costs but will also be durable (since degree of permeability will be low)
2. Bricks and Blocks:
1. Buy locally available bricks.
Compare the cost of first class red clay brick and fly-ash brick in your
locality. Go for a brick which costs you less. Both fly ash bricks and red clay
bricks are equally good in strength.
2. In case you are going for a structure of more
than 3 floors, then use AAC blocks instead
of bricks. Although AAC blocks (concrete blocks) are costlier than bricks, they
are light weight. This will decrease the steel consumption per unit built up,
as dead load reduced to one-third. Also as AAC blocks have low thermal
conductivity, they can help you save electricity costs for cooling your rooms.
3. Plastering:
Go
for Neeru (lime) Finish for internal plastering.
4. Doors and Windows:
1. Avoid Wooden door frames. Instead go for RCC
door frames which can save up to 30% of the cost for Door framing.
2. Use PVC doors for Bathrooms and other wet
areas like dry balcony etc.,
3. Use Laminated flush door or block board
for door opening other than the main door. This will decrease the cost of
door work by 25%.
5. Flooring:
1. Use Cement mosaic tiles to reduce cost of
flooring works. Select size which result in fewer wastages
2. Go for locally available granite for Kitchen
platform and stair case steps. Use cut/waste piece of tiles in steps riser
6. Grill and Railings:
Use
Painted MS section for Staircase railing and grills
7. Electrical Material:
You
can opt for local make switches and sockets but always go for Branded
wires for House wiring.
8. Light Fitting:
Go
for Light fittings that are not only economical to your pockets initially but
also save up on the electricity charges and maintenance costs in the future.
9. Avoid False Ceiling:
False
ceiling although will act as good insulation but is quite expensive. Go for a simple POP finish to the roof.
10. Paints:
Use Semi-acrylic paint for
internal and external walls which can save upon the cost
11. Plumbing CP Fixtures & Sanitary:
The
cost of sanitary and CP fixtures varies depending upon the type and
quality of products used in the building and its cost reduction is left to the
individual choice and liking. We recommend you to choose economical
local/regional brands. Plumbing and Sanitary fixture can be easily replaced
anytime without any dismantling in future. So replacing them later with the
fixtures of your choice will not cost you much.
Saving On Labour Costs:
1.
Hire
Experienced Contractor:
A
resource full team will help you save time and ensure quality at affordable
cost. An inexperienced labour contractor may quote low initially but will turn
out to be costly when you will be spending on rectifications and maintenance.
2. Avoid Concealed Work:
Don’t
go for concealed wiring. Concealing the electrical wires although is
aesthetically appealing will increase the labour costs and the same is easily
maintainable and replaceable.
3. Choose Simple Elevations:
Many
are obsessed with the front elevation of the building. Yes, a great front
elevation gives a rich look for the building but will burn holes through your
pockets. Don’t use unnecessary structural elements just for beautification of
the elevation
Additional Tips for Reducing Cost of Construction:
1.
Avoid
Change Orders:
Avoid
any last minute changes in design or material selection. These change orders
usually have a high impact on the cost of construction and can sometimes deter
the quality of the structure.
2. Hire an Experienced Turnkey Contractor:
An
experienced turnkey contractor may cost you a bit more initially but can prove
more value during the execution of the work. They will keep the change orders
to minimum since they manage everything from design to construction. Also,
they ensure that the quality of construction is up to the mark which will
reduce your future maintenance costs considerably. They also provide
warranty up to 5 years on construction defects.
3. Ensure Proper Cash Flow:
A
proper cash flow avoids (leading bank to provide loan for home constructions)
multiple mobilizations of the contractors. Usually contractors charge for
re-mobilizations if the delays are because of the improper cash flows. If required design for higher floor build in stages for example
build till ground floor start living in it arrange for next stage cash, then
build upper floors.
No comments:
Post a Comment